STM32中的定時器有很多用法:
(一)系統(tǒng)時鐘(SysTick)
設(shè)置非常簡單,以下是產(chǎn)生1ms中斷的設(shè)置,和產(chǎn)生10ms延時的函數(shù):
void RCC_Configuration(void)
{
RCC_ClocksTypeDef RCC_ClockFreq;
SystemInit();/源自system_stm32f10x.c文件,只需要調(diào)用此函數(shù),則可完成RCC的配置.
RCC_GetClocksFreq(RCC_ClockFreq);
/SYSTICK分頻--1ms的系統(tǒng)時鐘中斷
if (SysTick_Config(SystemFrequency / 1000))
{
while (1); / Capture error
}
}
void SysTick_Handler(void)/在中斷處理函數(shù)中的程序
{
while(tim)
{
tim--;
}
}
/調(diào)用程序:
Delay_Ms(10);
當然,前提是要設(shè)置好,變量tim要設(shè)置成volatile類型的。
(二)第二種涉及到定時器計數(shù)時間(TIMx)
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 2;/預分頻(時鐘分頻)72M/(2 1)=24M
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;/向上計數(shù)
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 65535; /裝載值18k/144=125hz
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = TIM_CKD_DIV1;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter = 0x0;
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3,TIM_TimeBaseStructure);
定時時間計算:
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 2;
/分頻2 72M/(2 1)/2=24MHz
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 65535; /計數(shù)值65535
((1 TIM_Prescaler)/72M)*(1 TIM_Period )=((1 2)/72M)*(1 65535)=0.00273秒=366.2Hz*/
注意兩點(來自大蝦網(wǎng),未經(jīng)檢驗)
(1)TIMx(1-8),在庫設(shè)置默認的情況下,都是72M的時鐘;
(2)TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter=0;
是重復計數(shù),就是重復溢出多少次才給你來一個溢出中斷,
它對應(yīng)的寄存器叫TIM1 RCR.
如果這個值不配置,上電的時候寄存器值可是隨機的,本來1秒中斷一次,可能變成N秒中斷一次,讓你超級頭大!
假設(shè)系統(tǒng)時鐘是72Mhz,TIM1是由PCLK2(72MHz)得到,TIM2-7是由PCLK1得到
關(guān)鍵是設(shè)定時鐘預分頻數(shù),自動重裝載寄存器周期的值
定時器的基本設(shè)置
1、 TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 7199;/時鐘預分頻數(shù) 例如:時鐘頻率=72/(時鐘預分頻 1)
2、TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 9999; /自動重裝載寄存器周期的值(定時時間) 累計0xFFFF個頻率后產(chǎn)生個更新或者中斷(也是說定時時間到)
3、 TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM1_CounterMode_Up;/定時器
模式 向上計數(shù)
4、TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0x0; /時間分割值
5、TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2,TIM_TimeBaseStructure);/初始化定時器2
6、TIM_ITConfig(TIM2, TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE); /打開中斷 溢出中斷
7、TIM_Cmd(TIM2, ENABLE);/打開定時器
或者:
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 35999;/分頻35999 72M/
(35999 1)/2=1Hz 1秒中斷溢出一次
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 2000; /計數(shù)值2000
((1 TIM_Prescaler )/72M)*(1 TIM_Period)=((1 35999)/72M)*(1 2000)=1秒*/
STM32通用定時器的基本定時器功能實現(xiàn)燈閃爍
#include stm32f10x.h
#include misc.h
void RCC_Configuration(void);
void NVIC_Configuration(void);
void GPIO_Configuration(void);
void TIM3_Configuration(void);
int main(void)
{
RCC_Configuration();
NVIC_Configuration();
GPIO_Configuration();
TIM3_Configuration();
TIM_ClearFlag(TIM3, TIM_FLAG_Update);
TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM3, DISABLE);
TIM_ITConfig(TIM3, TIM_IT_Update, ENABLE);
TIM_Cmd(TIM3, ENABLE);
while (1) {
;
}
}
void TIM3_Configuration(void)
{
TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 9999;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 7199;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0;
TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3,TIM_TimeBaseStructure);
}
void RCC_Configuration(void)
{
SystemInit();
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC, ENABLE);
}
void NVIC_Configuration(void)
{
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM3_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(NVIC_InitStructure);
}
void GPIO_Configuration(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_7;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOC, GPIO_InitStructure);
}
#include stm32f10x_it.h
void TIM3_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM3, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET) {
TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM3, TIM_IT_Update);
GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOC, GPIO_Pin_7, (BitAction)(1 -GPIO_ReadOutputDataBit(GPIOC, GPIO_Pin_7)));
}
}