1.引入：compile ‘com.android.support:percent:24.0.0‘
2.點(diǎn)開(kāi)源碼可以看到，主要有兩個(gè)布局類PercentFrameLayout和PercentRelativeLayout，一個(gè)工具類PercentLayoutHelper。
3.點(diǎn)開(kāi)布局類比如PercentRelativeLayout的源碼，可以看到實(shí)現(xiàn)的很簡(jiǎn)單。
public class PercentRelativeLayout extends RelativeLayout {
private final PercentLayoutHelper mHelper = new PercentLayoutHelper(this);
/**省略若干行構(gòu)造方法之類的代碼**/
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
//重點(diǎn)在這
mHelper.adjustChildren(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
if (mHelper.handleMeasuredStateTooSmall()) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
}
}
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);
mHelper.restoreOriginalParams();
}
public static class LayoutParams extends RelativeLayout.LayoutParams
implements PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutParams {
private PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutInfo mPercentLayoutInfo;
public LayoutParams(Context c, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(c, attrs);
mPercentLayoutInfo = PercentLayoutHelper.getPercentLayoutInfo(c, attrs);
}
/**省略若干行構(gòu)造方法之類的代碼**/
@Override
public PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutInfo getPercentLayoutInfo() {
if (mPercentLayoutInfo == null) {
mPercentLayoutInfo = new PercentLayoutHelper.PercentLayoutInfo();
}
return mPercentLayoutInfo;
}
@Override
protected void setBaseAttributes(TypedArray a, int widthAttr, int heightAttr) {
PercentLayoutHelper.fetchWidthAndHeight(this, a, widthAttr, heightAttr);
}
}
}
就是在onMeasure和onLayout里面調(diào)用了PercentLayoutHelper 的一些方法，另外在里面定義了自己的LayoutParams ，而這個(gè)LayoutParams 也相當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)單。
這里關(guān)鍵的一行代碼是在onMeasure方法里面，mHelper.adjustChildren(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);通過(guò)PercentLayoutHelper 的adjustChildren 遍歷子view來(lái)設(shè)置 子view的寬高，寬高在PercentLayoutHelper 的內(nèi)部類PercentLayoutInfo通過(guò)在布局文件中設(shè)置的值計(jì)算好了。
public void adjustChildren(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
// Calculate available space, accounting for host‘s paddings
int widthHint = View.MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec) - mHost.getPaddingLeft()
- mHost.getPaddingRight();
int heightHint = View.MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec) - mHost.getPaddingTop()
- mHost.getPaddingBottom();
for (int i = 0, N = mHost.getChildCount(); i < N; i++) {
//遍歷子view來(lái)設(shè)置 子view的寬高
View view = mHost.getChildAt(i);
ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = view.getLayoutParams();
if (DEBUG) {
Log.d(TAG, "should adjust " + view + " " + params);
}
if (params instanceof PercentLayoutParams) {
PercentLayoutInfo info =
((PercentLayoutParams) params).getPercentLayoutInfo();
if (info != null) {
if (params instanceof ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams) {
info.fillMarginLayoutParams(view, (ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams) params,
widthHint, heightHint);
} else {
info.fillLayoutParams(params, widthHint, heightHint);
}
}
}
}
}
4.布局中的使用方法：以PercentRelativeLayout為例
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@color/background_color"
>
android:id="@+id/mian_tab_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:textColor="@color/back_green"
android:textSize="15sp"
android:text="name"
/>
app:layout_widthPercent="50%"
app:layout_heightPercent="50%"
android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher_icon"
android:scaleType="fitXY"
android:layout_below="@+id/mian_tab_name"
android:background="@color/black"
/>
引入xmlns:app的命名空間，然后app:layout_widthPercent="50%"就可以設(shè)置寬高的百分比了。相當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)單 。
5.不過(guò)在使用的過(guò)程中，可能會(huì)有一些其他的需求，比如app:layout_widthPercent="50%",app:layout_heightPercent="50%"都是相對(duì)于屏幕的寬高的，假如要顯示一張正方形的圖片，以寬的50%為準(zhǔn)呢?這個(gè)時(shí)候就可以這樣寫了：
app:layout_widthPercent="50%"
app:layout_aspectRatio="100%"
android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher_icon"
android:scaleType="fitXY"
android:layout_below="@+id/mian_tab_name"
android:background="@color/CS_black"
/>
使用layout_aspectRatio屬性，設(shè)置app:layout_aspectRatio="100%"，layout_aspectRatio就是寬高比。這個(gè)時(shí)候就不要設(shè)置app:layout_heightPercent屬性了。在PercentLayoutHelper 里面， 源代碼如下：
public void fillLayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams params, int widthHint,
int heightHint) {
// Preserve the original layout params, so we can restore them after the measure step.
mPreservedParams.width = params.width;
mPreservedParams.height = params.height;
// We assume that width/height set to 0 means that value was unset. This might not
// necessarily be true, as the user might explicitly set it to 0. However, we use this
// information only for the aspect ratio. If the user set the aspect ratio attribute,
// it means they accept or soon discover that it will be disregarded.
final boolean widthNotSet =
(mPreservedParams.mIsWidthComputedFromAspectRatio
|| mPreservedParams.width == 0) && (widthPercent < 0);
final boolean heightNotSet =
(mPreservedParams.mIsHeightComputedFromAspectRatio
|| mPreservedParams.height == 0) && (heightPercent < 0);
if (widthPercent >= 0) {
params.width = (int) (widthHint * widthPercent);
}
if (heightPercent >= 0) {
params.height = (int) (heightHint * heightPercent);
}
//這一段代碼是關(guān)鍵，如果aspectRatio >=0，aspectRatio是寬高比
if (aspectRatio >= 0) {
if (widthNotSet) {
//如果寬沒(méi)有設(shè)置，就以高為準(zhǔn)
params.width = (int) (params.height * aspectRatio);
// Keep track that we‘ve filled the width based on the height and aspect ratio.
mPreservedParams.mIsWidthComputedFromAspectRatio = true;
}
if (heightNotSet) {
//如果高沒(méi)有設(shè)置，就以寬為準(zhǔn)
params.height = (int) (params.width / aspectRatio);
// Keep track that we‘ve filled the height based on the width and aspect ratio.
mPreservedParams.mIsHeightComputedFromAspectRatio = true;
}
}
if (DEBUG) {
Log.d(TAG, "after fillLayoutParams: (" + params.width + ", " + params.height + ")");
}
}
6.另外，假如我們要定義自己的PercentLinearLayout，基本可以直接改一下名字，繼承自LinearLayout就好了：public class PercentLinearLayout extends LinearLayout ,在仿照PercentRelativeLayout里面的LayoutParams定義一個(gè)自己的LayoutParams就好了。
不過(guò)官方為什么沒(méi)有直接提供一個(gè)PercentLinearLayout 類，而只提供了兩個(gè)PercentFrameLayout和PercentRelativeLayout呢?
下載文檔
