解析STM32啟動(dòng)過(guò)程

================================================================================================================

相對(duì)于ARM上一代的主流ARM7/ARM9內(nèi)核架構(gòu)，新一代Cortex內(nèi)核架構(gòu)的啟動(dòng)方式有了比較大的變化。ARM7/ARM9內(nèi)核的控制器在復(fù)位后，CPU會(huì)從存儲(chǔ)

空間的絕對(duì)地址0x000000取出第一條指令執(zhí)行復(fù)位中斷服務(wù)程序的方式啟動(dòng)，即固定了復(fù)位后的起始地址為0x000000（PC = 0x000000）同時(shí)中斷向量表

的位置并不是固定的。而Cortex-M3內(nèi)核則正好相反，有3種情況:

1、通過(guò)boot引腳設(shè)置可以將中斷向量表定位于SRAM區(qū)，即起始地址為0x2000000，同時(shí)復(fù)位后PC指針位于0x2000000處；

2、通過(guò)boot引腳設(shè)置可以將中斷向量表定位于FLASH區(qū)，即起始地址為0x8000000，同時(shí)復(fù)位后PC指針位于0x8000000處；

3、通過(guò)boot引腳設(shè)置可以將中斷向量表定位于內(nèi)置Bootloader區(qū)，本文不對(duì)這種情況做論述；

而Cortex-M3內(nèi)核規(guī)定，起始地址必須存放堆頂指針，而第二個(gè)地址則必須存放復(fù)位中斷入口向量地址，這樣在Cortex-M3內(nèi)核復(fù)位后，會(huì)自動(dòng)從起始地址

的下一個(gè)32位空間取出復(fù)位中斷入口向量，跳轉(zhuǎn)執(zhí)行復(fù)位中斷服務(wù)程序。對(duì)比ARM7/ARM9內(nèi)核，Cortex-M3內(nèi)核則是固定了中斷向量表的位置而起始地址

是可變化的。

有了上述準(zhǔn)備只是后，下面以STM32的2.02固件庫(kù)提供的啟動(dòng)文件“stm32f10x_vector.s”為模板，對(duì)STM32的啟動(dòng)過(guò)程做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)要而全面的解析。

程序清單一：

；文件“stm32f10x_vector.s”，其中注釋為行號(hào)

DATA_IN_ExtSRAMEQU0；1

Stack_SizeEQU0x00000400；2

AREASTACK,NOINIT,READWRITE,ALIGN=3；3

Stack_MemSPACEStack_Size；4

__initial_sp；5

Heap_SizeEQU0x00000400；6

AREAHEAP,NOINIT,READWRITE,ALIGN=3；7

__heap_base；8

Heap_MemSPACEHeap_Size；9

__heap_limit；10

THUMB；11

PRESERVE8；12

IMPORTNMIException；13

IMPORTHardFaultException；14

IMPORTMemManageException；15

IMPORTBusFaultException；16

IMPORTUsageFaultException；17

IMPORTSVCHandler；18

IMPORTDebugMonitor；19

IMPORTPendSVC；20

IMPORTSysTickHandler；21

IMPORTWWDG_IRQHandler；22

IMPORTPVD_IRQHandler；23

IMPORTTAMPER_IRQHandler；24

IMPORTRTC_IRQHandler；25

IMPORTFLASH_IRQHandler；26

IMPORTRCC_IRQHandler；27

IMPORTEXTI0_IRQHandler；28

IMPORTEXTI1_IRQHandler；29

IMPORTEXTI2_IRQHandler；30

IMPORTEXTI3_IRQHandler；31

IMPORTEXTI4_IRQHandler；32

IMPORTDMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler；33

IMPORTDMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler；34

IMPORTDMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler；35

IMPORTDMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler；36

IMPORTDMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler；37

IMPORTDMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler；38

IMPORTDMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler；39

IMPORTADC1_2_IRQHandler；40

IMPORTUSB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler；41

IMPORTUSB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler；42

IMPORTCAN_RX1_IRQHandler；43

IMPORTCAN_SCE_IRQHandler；44

IMPORTEXTI9_5_IRQHandler；45

IMPORTTIM1_BRK_IRQHandler；46

IMPORTTIM1_UP_IRQHandler；47

IMPORTTIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler；48

IMPORTTIM1_CC_IRQHandler；49

IMPORTTIM2_IRQHandler；50

IMPORTTIM3_IRQHandler；51

IMPORTTIM4_IRQHandler；52

IMPORTI2C1_EV_IRQHandler；53

IMPORTI2C1_ER_IRQHandler；54

IMPORTI2C2_EV_IRQHandler；55

IMPORTI2C2_ER_IRQHandler；56

IMPORTSPI1_IRQHandler；57

IMPORTSPI2_IRQHandler；58

IMPORTUSART1_IRQHandler；59

IMPORTUSART2_IRQHandler；60

IMPORTUSART3_IRQHandler；61

IMPORTEXTI15_10_IRQHandler；62

IMPORTRTCAlarm_IRQHandler；63

IMPORTUSBWakeUp_IRQHandler；64

IMPORTTIM8_BRK_IRQHandler；65

IMPORTTIM8_UP_IRQHandler；66

IMPORTTIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler；67

IMPORTTIM8_CC_IRQHandler；68

IMPORTADC3_IRQHandler；69

IMPORTFSMC_IRQHandler；70

IMPORTSDIO_IRQHandler；71

IMPORTTIM5_IRQHandler；72

IMPORTSPI3_IRQHandler；73

IMPORTUART4_IRQHandler；74

IMPORTUART5_IRQHandler；75

IMPORTTIM6_IRQHandler；76

IMPORTTIM7_IRQHandler；77

IMPORTDMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler；78

IMPORTDMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler；79

IMPORTDMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler；80

IMPORTDMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler；81

AREARESET,DATA,READONLY；82

EXPORT__Vectors；83

__Vectors；84

DCD__initial_sp；85

DCDReset_Handler；86

DCDNMIException；87

DCDHardFaultException；88

DCDMemManageException；89

DCDBusFaultException；90

DCDUsageFaultException；91

DCD0；92

DCD0；93

DCD0；94

DCD0；95

DCDSVCHandler；96

DCDDebugMonitor；97

DCD0；98

DCDPendSVC；99

DCDSysTickHandler；100

DCDWWDG_IRQHandler；101

DCDPVD_IRQHandler；102

DCDTAMPER_IRQHandler；103

DCDRTC_IRQHandler；104

DCDFLASH_IRQHandler；105

DCDRCC_IRQHandler；106

DCDEXTI0_IRQHandler；107

DCDEXTI1_IRQHandler；108

DCDEXTI2_IRQHandler；109

DCDEXTI3_IRQHandler；110

DCDEXTI4_IRQHandler；111

DCDDMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler；112

DCDDMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler；113

DCDDMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler；114

DCDDMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler；115

DCDDMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler；116

DCDDMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler；117

DCDDMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler；118

DCDADC1_2_IRQHandler；119

DCDUSB_HP_CAN_TX_IRQHandler；120

DCDUSB_LP_CAN_RX0_IRQHandler；121

DCDCAN_RX1_IRQHandler；122

DCDCAN_SCE_IRQHandler；123

DCDEXTI9_5_IRQHandler；124

DCDTIM1_BRK_IRQHandler；125

DCDTIM1_UP_IRQHandler；126

DCDTIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler；127

DCDTIM1_CC_IRQHandler；128

DCDTIM2_IRQHandler；129

DCDTIM3_IRQHandler；130

DCDTIM4_IRQHandler；131

DCDI2C1_EV_IRQHandler；132

DCDI2C1_ER_IRQHandler；133

DCDI2C2_EV_IRQHandler；134

DCDI2C2_ER_IRQHandler；135

DCDSPI1_IRQHandler；136

DCDSPI2_IRQHandler；137

DCDUSART1_IRQHandler；138

DCDUSART2_IRQHandler；139

DCDUSART3_IRQHandler；140

DCDEXTI15_10_IRQHandler；141

DCDRTCAlarm_IRQHandler；142

DCDUSBWakeUp_IRQHandler；143

DCDTIM8_BRK_IRQHandler；144

DCDTIM8_UP_IRQHandler；145

DCDTIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler；146

DCDTIM8_CC_IRQHandler；147

DCDADC3_IRQHandler；148

DCDFSMC_IRQHandler；149

DCDSDIO_IRQHandler；150

DCDTIM5_IRQHandler；151

DCDSPI3_IRQHandler；152

DCDUART4_IRQHandler；153

DCDUART5_IRQHandler；154

DCDTIM6_IRQHandler；155

DCDTIM7_IRQHandler；156

DCDDMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler；157

DCDDMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler；158

DCDDMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler；159

DCDDMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler；160

AREA|.text|,CODE,READONLY；161

Reset_HandlerPROC；162

EXPORTReset_Handler；163

IF DATA_IN_ExtSRAM ==