51單片機(jī)之I^2C總線

I^2C總線的SDA與CLK都是線與關(guān)系.
為了避免混亂I^2C總線要通過總線仲裁決定總線由哪一臺主機(jī)控制
I^2C總線的數(shù)據(jù)位的有效性:時(shí)鐘信號為高電平期間
數(shù)據(jù)線上的數(shù)據(jù)必須保持穩(wěn)定,只有在時(shí)鐘信號為低電平時(shí),
數(shù)據(jù)線上的數(shù)據(jù)才可以變化.
圖片
I^2C總線的起始信號與終止信號,每一字節(jié)必須是8位長度
發(fā)完還有一位應(yīng)答位,所以一共會有9位.
在編寫程序時(shí),只要嚴(yán)格按照時(shí)序圖來,萬事OK,下面是我寫的一示例程序,功能是先向2402芯片寫入一字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù),然后再將其讀出,顯示到數(shù)碼管

#include#defineuintunsignedint#defineucharunsignedcharsbitscl=P1^6;sbitsda=P1^7;ucharcodetable[]={0x7e,0x0c,0xb6,0x9e,0xcc,0xda,0xfa,0x0e,0xfe,0xde};sbitsda0=P1^0;sbitclk=P1^1;sbitdig1=P1^2;sbitdig2=P1^3;sbitdig3=P1^4;sbitdig4=P1^5;voiddelay(uint);/**初始化IIC,將i^2C總線的電平拉高**/voidinit(){sda=1;scl=1;delay(1);}/**向IIC寫入一個(gè)字節(jié)**/voidwrite_byte(ucharb){uchari,temp;temp=b;scl=0;for(i=0;i<8;i++){temp<<=1;sda=CY;delay(1);scl=1;delay(1);scl=0;}delay(1);scl=0;sda=1;}/**從IIC讀出一字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)**/ucharread_byte(){uchari,temp;scl=0;sda=1;delay(1);for(i=0;i<8;i++){delay(1);temp<<=1;scl=1;delay(1);temp|=sda;delay(1);scl=0;}delay(1);scl=0;sda=1;returntemp;}/**IIC的開始信號**/voidstart(){sda=1;delay(1);scl=1;delay(1);sda=0;delay(1);sda=1;scl=0;}/**IIC的停止信號**/voidstop(){sda=0;delay(1);scl=1;delay(1);sda=1;scl=0;delay(1);}/**IIC的應(yīng)答函數(shù)**/voidresponse(){uchartemp=0;sda=1;scl=0;delay(1);while(sda&&temp<250)temp++;scl=1;delay(1);scl=0;delay(1);sda=1;}//延遲函數(shù)voiddelay(uintu){uintx,y;for(x=u;x>0;x--)for(y=110;y>0;y--);}/**向數(shù)據(jù)碼管寫入一個(gè)字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)**/voidwrite(ucharu){uchari;for(i=0;i<8;i++){clk=1;sda0=u&0x80;clk=0;u=u<<1;}}/**顯示一個(gè)3位的整數(shù)**/voiddisplay(ucharnum){ucharbai,shi,ge;bai=num/100;shi=num%100/10;ge=num%10;/*顯示個(gè)位*/dig4=0;write(table[ge]);delay(10);dig4=1;/*顯示十位*/dig3=0;write(table[shi]);delay(10);dig3=1;/*顯示百位*/dig2=0;write(table[bai]);delay(10);dig2=1;}/**向2402芯片指定地址寫入一字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)**/voidwrite2402(ucharadd,ucharu){start();write_byte(0xa0);response();write_byte(add);response();write_byte(u);response();stop();}/**從2402芯片指定地址讀出一字節(jié)數(shù)據(jù)**/ucharread2402(ucharadd){ucharresult;start();write_byte(0xa0);response();write_byte(add);response();start();write_byte(0xa1);response();result=read_byte();stop();returnresult;}voidmain(){ucharresult;init();write2402(5,159);delay(20);result=read2402(5);while(1)display(result);}