三相BLDC和PMSM設(shè)計的低壓馬達控制方案

三相BLDC/PMSM低壓馬達控制方案采用MC9S08AC16系列器件.這種8位MCU采用增強的HCS08內(nèi)核,具有低成本和高性能,系列有各種模塊,存儲器容量,存儲器類型和封裝形式.MC9S08AC16和MC9S08AC8用于消費類電子和工業(yè),MC9S08AW16A和MC9S08AW8A用于汽車電子.本文介紹了MC9S08AC16系列主要特性,方框圖,以及三相BLDC和PMSM低壓馬達控制方案主要特性,詳細電路圖以及材料清單(BOM).

3-Phase BLDC/PMSM Low- Voltage Motor Control Drive

The MC9S08AC16 Series devices are members of the low-cost, high-performance HCS08 Family of 8-bit microcontroller units (MCUs). All MCUs in the family use the enhanced HCS08 core and are available with a variety of modules, memory sizes, memory types, and package types.

MC9S08AC16 Series Devices

• Consumer & Industrial

— MC9S08AC16

MC9S08AC8

• Automotive

— MC9S08AW16A

— MC9S08AW8A

8-Bit HCS08 Central Processor Unit (CPU)

• 40-MHz HCS08 CPU (central processor unit)

• 20-MHz internal bus frequency

• HC08 instruction set with added BGND instruction

• Background debugging system

• Breakpoint capability to allow single breakpoint setting during in-circuit debugging (plus two more breakpoints in on-chip debug module)

• Debug module containing two comparators and nine trigger modes. Eight deep FIFO for storing change-of-flow addresses and event-only data. Debug module supports both tag and force breakpoints.

• Support for up to 32 interrupt/reset sources

Memory Options

• Up to 16 KB of on-chip in-circuit programmable FLASH memory with block protection and security options

• Up to 1 KB of on-chip RAM

Clock Source Options

• Clock source options include crystal, resonator, external clock, or internally generated clock with precision NVM trimming

System Protection

• Optional computer operating properly (COP) reset with option to run from independent internal clock source or bus clock

• Low-voltage detection with reset or interrupt

• Illegal opcode detection with reset

• Illegal address detection with reset

Power-Saving Modes

• Wait plus two stops

Peripherals

• ADC — 8-channel, 10-bit analog-to-digital converter with automatic compare function

• SCI — Two serial communications interface modules with optional 13-bit break

• SPI — Serial peripheral interface module

• IIC — Inter-integrated circuit bus module to operate at up to 100 kbps with maximum bus loading; capable of higher baud rates with reduced loading

• Timers — Three 16-bit timer/pulse-width modulator (TPM) modules — Two 2-channel and one 4-channel; each has selectable input capture, output compare, and edge-aligned PWM capability on each channel. Each timer module may be configured for buffered,centered PWM (CPWM) on all channels

• KBI — 7-pin keyboard interrupt module

Input/Output

• Up to 38 general-purpose input/output (I/O) pins

• Software selectable pullups on ports when used as inputs

• Software selectable slew rate control on ports when used as outputs

• Software selectable drive strength on ports when used as outputs

• Master reset pin and power-on reset (POR)

• Internal pullup on RESET, IRQ, and BKGD/MS pins to reduce customer system cost

Package Options

• 48-pin quad flat no-lead package (QFN)

• 44-pin low-profile quad flat package (LQFP)

• 42-pin shrink dual-in-line package (SDIP)

• 32-pin low-profile quad flat package (LQFP)

圖1.MC9S08AC16系列方框圖

圖2.MC9S08AC16系統(tǒng)時鐘分布方框圖

三相BLDC/PMSM低壓馬達控制驅(qū)動方案

Freescale’s 3-Phase BLDC/PMSM Low-Voltage Motor Control Drive is a 3-phase power stage that will operate with DC input voltages in the range 12–24 V, 4 A. Together with the daughter boards, it provides a software-development platform that allows algorithms to be written and tested without designing and building any hardware. It supports a variety of algorithms for PMSM and brushless DC (BLDC) motors.

The 3-Phase BLDC/PMSM Low-Voltage Motor Control Drive contains reverse-polarity protection circuitry, MOSFET-gate-drive circuits, analog-signal conditioning, low-voltage power supplies and bridge MOSFETs. The power devices do not need to be mounted on a heatsink.

There are controller daughter boards available with these controllers:

•MC56F8013/23 — LQFP32

•MC9S08AC16 — LQFP44

•MCF51AC256 — LQFP80

•MC9S08MP16 — LQFP48

•MC56F8006 — LQFP32

板主要特性:

•Power supply voltage input 12–24 V DC, extended up to 50 V (see chapter 2.2 Electrical Characteristics for details)

•Output current 4 A

•Power supply reverse polarity protection circuitry

•3-phase bridge inverter (6 MOSFET’s)

•3-phase MOSFET gate driver with overcurrent and undervoltage protection

•3-phase and DC-bus-current-sensing shunts

•DC-bus voltage sensing

•3-phase back-EMF voltage-sensing circuitry

•Low-voltage on-board power supplies

•Encoder/hall sensor sensing circuitry

•Motor power and signal connectors

•2 connectors for daughter board connection

•CAN physical layer

•USB interface

•User LED, power-on LED, 6 PWM LED diodes, and SCI activity LED diodes

•Up, down, toggle switches

•Reset push-button


圖3.三相BLDC/PMSM低壓馬達控制驅(qū)動板外形圖
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圖4. 控制驅(qū)動板方框圖

圖5. 相位輸出電路圖

圖6. 總線反饋電路圖

圖7. 控制驅(qū)動板電路圖

圖8. 控制驅(qū)動板電路圖:模擬檢測-相電流檢測

圖9. 控制驅(qū)動板電路圖:模擬檢測-后EMF檢測
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圖10. 控制驅(qū)動板電路圖:微插頭和其它電路-編碼器/霍爾傳感器和CAN

圖11. 控制驅(qū)動板電路圖:微插頭和其它電路-開關(guān),用戶和PWM LED

圖12. 控制驅(qū)動板電路圖:微插頭和其它電路-子板連接器和RESET

圖13. 控制驅(qū)動板電路圖:微插頭和其它電路-USB/SCI橋

圖14. 控制驅(qū)動板電路圖:MOSFET驅(qū)動器

圖15. 控制驅(qū)動板電路圖:電源電路

圖16. 控制驅(qū)動板電路圖:電源電路(2)

控制驅(qū)動板材料清單(BOM):